Post by Admin on Feb 2, 2024 13:59:14 GMT
Scabies
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scabies
Scabies (/ˈskeɪbiːz, ˈskeɪbiiːz/;[9] also sometimes known as the seven-year itch)[1] is a contagious human skin infestation by the tiny (0.2–0.45 mm) mite Sarcoptes scabiei,[1][3] variety hominis. The word is from Latin: scabere, lit. 'to scratch'.[10] The most common symptoms are severe itchiness and a pimple-like rash.[2] Occasionally, tiny burrows may appear on the skin.[2] In a first-ever infection, the infected person usually develops symptoms within two to six weeks.[2] During a second infection, symptoms may begin within 24 hours.[2] These symptoms can be present across most of the body or just certain areas such as the wrists, between fingers, or along the waistline.[2] The head may be affected, but this is typically only in young children.[2] The itch is often worse at night.[2] Scratching may cause skin breakdown and an additional bacterial infection in the skin.[2]
Scabies is caused by infection with the female mite Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis, an ectoparasite.[3] The mites burrow into the skin to live and deposit eggs.[3] The symptoms of scabies are due to an allergic reaction to the mites.[2] Often, only between 10 and 15 mites are involved in an infection.[2] Scabies is most often spread during a relatively long period of direct skin contact with an infected person (at least 10 minutes) such as that which may occur during sex or living together.[3][11] Spread of the disease may occur even if the person has not developed symptoms yet.[12] Crowded living conditions, such as those found in child-care facilities, group homes, and prisons, increase the risk of spread.[3] Areas with a lack of access to water also have higher rates of disease.[4] Crusted scabies is a more severe form of the disease, not essentially different but an infestation by very large numbers of mites[3] that typically only affects those with a poor immune system; the number of mites also makes them much more contagious.[3] In these cases, spread of infection may occur during brief contact or by contaminated objects.[3] The mite is very small and at the limit of detection with the human eye. It is not readily obvious; factors that aid in detection are good lighting, magnification, and knowing what to look for. Diagnosis is based either on detecting the mite (confirmed scabies), detecting typical lesions in a typical distribution with typical historical features (clinical scabies), or detecting atypical lesions or atypical distribution of lesions with only some historical features present (suspected scabies).[13]
Several medications are available to treat those infected, including oral and topical ivermectin, and permethrin, crotamiton, and lindane creams.[7] Sexual contacts within the last month and people who live in the same house should also be treated at the same time.[12] Bedding and clothing used in the last three days should be washed in hot water and dried in a hot dryer.[12] As the mite does not live for more than three days away from human skin, more washing is not needed.[12] Symptoms may continue for two to four weeks following treatment.[12] If after this time symptoms continue, retreatment may be needed.[12]
Scabies is one of the three most common skin disorders in children, along with ringworm and bacterial skin infections.[14] As of 2015, it affects about 204 million people (2.8% of the world population).[8] It is equally common in both sexes.[15] The young and the old are more commonly affected.[5] It also occurs more commonly in the developing world and tropical climates.[5]
Other animals do not spread human scabies;[3] similar infection in other animals is known as sarcoptic mange, and is typically caused by slightly different but related mites.[16]
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scabies
Scabies (/ˈskeɪbiːz, ˈskeɪbiiːz/;[9] also sometimes known as the seven-year itch)[1] is a contagious human skin infestation by the tiny (0.2–0.45 mm) mite Sarcoptes scabiei,[1][3] variety hominis. The word is from Latin: scabere, lit. 'to scratch'.[10] The most common symptoms are severe itchiness and a pimple-like rash.[2] Occasionally, tiny burrows may appear on the skin.[2] In a first-ever infection, the infected person usually develops symptoms within two to six weeks.[2] During a second infection, symptoms may begin within 24 hours.[2] These symptoms can be present across most of the body or just certain areas such as the wrists, between fingers, or along the waistline.[2] The head may be affected, but this is typically only in young children.[2] The itch is often worse at night.[2] Scratching may cause skin breakdown and an additional bacterial infection in the skin.[2]
Scabies is caused by infection with the female mite Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis, an ectoparasite.[3] The mites burrow into the skin to live and deposit eggs.[3] The symptoms of scabies are due to an allergic reaction to the mites.[2] Often, only between 10 and 15 mites are involved in an infection.[2] Scabies is most often spread during a relatively long period of direct skin contact with an infected person (at least 10 minutes) such as that which may occur during sex or living together.[3][11] Spread of the disease may occur even if the person has not developed symptoms yet.[12] Crowded living conditions, such as those found in child-care facilities, group homes, and prisons, increase the risk of spread.[3] Areas with a lack of access to water also have higher rates of disease.[4] Crusted scabies is a more severe form of the disease, not essentially different but an infestation by very large numbers of mites[3] that typically only affects those with a poor immune system; the number of mites also makes them much more contagious.[3] In these cases, spread of infection may occur during brief contact or by contaminated objects.[3] The mite is very small and at the limit of detection with the human eye. It is not readily obvious; factors that aid in detection are good lighting, magnification, and knowing what to look for. Diagnosis is based either on detecting the mite (confirmed scabies), detecting typical lesions in a typical distribution with typical historical features (clinical scabies), or detecting atypical lesions or atypical distribution of lesions with only some historical features present (suspected scabies).[13]
Several medications are available to treat those infected, including oral and topical ivermectin, and permethrin, crotamiton, and lindane creams.[7] Sexual contacts within the last month and people who live in the same house should also be treated at the same time.[12] Bedding and clothing used in the last three days should be washed in hot water and dried in a hot dryer.[12] As the mite does not live for more than three days away from human skin, more washing is not needed.[12] Symptoms may continue for two to four weeks following treatment.[12] If after this time symptoms continue, retreatment may be needed.[12]
Scabies is one of the three most common skin disorders in children, along with ringworm and bacterial skin infections.[14] As of 2015, it affects about 204 million people (2.8% of the world population).[8] It is equally common in both sexes.[15] The young and the old are more commonly affected.[5] It also occurs more commonly in the developing world and tropical climates.[5]
Other animals do not spread human scabies;[3] similar infection in other animals is known as sarcoptic mange, and is typically caused by slightly different but related mites.[16]